Season the chicken pieces lightly with salt and pepper.
Heat the olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Add the chicken and cook until browned on all sides and cooked through, about 5-7 minutes. Remove the chicken and set it aside.
Add the chopped onion to the same pot and cook until softened, about 3 minutes. Add the minced garlic and cook for 1 minute until fragrant.
Pour in the chicken broth, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot. Bring the broth to a boil.
Add the dried pasta, Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper to the boiling broth. Stir well.
Reduce the heat to medium-low, cover the pot, and simmer for 10-12 minutes, or until the pasta is cooked al dente, stirring occasionally to prevent sticking.
Stir in the heavy cream and the cooked chicken. Let the mixture simmer gently for 2 minutes until heated through.
Remove the pot from the heat. Stir in the grated Parmesan cheese until the sauce is smooth and creamy.
Taste and adjust salt and pepper if needed. Garnish with fresh parsley and extra Parmesan cheese before serving.
Notes
If the sauce seems too thick after adding the cheese, add a splash more chicken broth or cream until you reach your desired consistency.
Use pre-shredded Parmesan cheese for faster melting, but freshly grated cheese provides better flavor.
You can substitute chicken thighs for breasts if you prefer darker meat.